# Matematika - Zýková

# Analytická geometrie

# Analytická geometrie

### Rovnice přímky v rovině

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### Trojúhelník v rovině

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# Rovnice a nerovnice

# Nerovnice v součinovém tvaru

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# Rovnice v podílovém tvaru

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<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ysoq-0dbpOs?list=PLmmhLFioSO5kXwIx7yN_lgcA92HfxBqY5" width="560"></iframe>

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<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/qlvkRO6D1q4?list=PLmmhLFioSO5kXwIx7yN_lgcA92HfxBqY5" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/OYCgvOhzbbg?list=PLmmhLFioSO5kXwIx7yN_lgcA92HfxBqY5" width="560"></iframe>

# Nerovnice v podílovém tvaru

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/7Fjps0-1pes?list=PLmmhLFioSO5lXDlK6q_K9bv4uWCBc4bfw" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/C0fRUgs-o4I?list=PLmmhLFioSO5lXDlK6q_K9bv4uWCBc4bfw" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/0qoW2vsm5Fs?list=PLmmhLFioSO5lXDlK6q_K9bv4uWCBc4bfw" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/gcgvLbCBvBY?list=PLmmhLFioSO5lXDlK6q_K9bv4uWCBc4bfw" width="560"></iframe>

# Rovnice s absolutní hodnotou

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/OFT_5cv3kPI?list=PLmmhLFioSO5lUhhc93cvyWtCmFeDUDckU" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/P6pDBmZq4WQ?list=PLmmhLFioSO5lUhhc93cvyWtCmFeDUDckU" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/3Qwpd03eyRY?list=PLmmhLFioSO5lUhhc93cvyWtCmFeDUDckU" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ARdhxfate7M?list=PLmmhLFioSO5lUhhc93cvyWtCmFeDUDckU" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/BMHHivicKgc?list=PLmmhLFioSO5lUhhc93cvyWtCmFeDUDckU" width="560"></iframe>

# Nerovnice s absolutní hodnotou

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/T_LB42Wev-M?list=PLmmhLFioSO5mO6hhkf3ihSxYM3DybQ1Is" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/3VCMdGvTUiE?list=PLmmhLFioSO5mO6hhkf3ihSxYM3DybQ1Is" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/D_c9Ys6AxfA?list=PLmmhLFioSO5mO6hhkf3ihSxYM3DybQ1Is" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/31z84iNnT-8?list=PLmmhLFioSO5mO6hhkf3ihSxYM3DybQ1Is" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/qvq-WyXehMY?list=PLmmhLFioSO5mO6hhkf3ihSxYM3DybQ1Is" width="560"></iframe>

# Lineární rovnice se dvěma neznámými

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# Lineární nerovnice se dvěma neznámými

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<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/TzZEd_3rmzM" width="560"></iframe>

# Soustavy dvou lineárních rovnice se dvěma neznámými

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/ZTSnD5Ij6iA" width="560"></iframe>

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# Soustavy více lineárních rovnic se dvěma neznámými

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/8t9Qiw6oonE" width="560"></iframe>

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# Soustava lineárních nerovnic se dvěma neznámými

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/RFEdyDsTOnw" width="560"></iframe>

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# Soustava více lineárních rovnic s více neznámými

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/zJ1bIuOeCwQ?list=PLmmhLFioSO5kXM9Fxu73h8VEBwiigDq4K" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/U0810tJ7VFM?list=PLmmhLFioSO5kXM9Fxu73h8VEBwiigDq4K" width="560"></iframe>

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# Kvadratické rovnice

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<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/MVeQwsccjzw?list=PLmmhLFioSO5nvGC4W19yRCLwYz3yRBYKG" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/-gVGy6U3Td4?list=PLmmhLFioSO5nvGC4W19yRCLwYz3yRBYKG" width="560"></iframe>

;<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kzdVcRfxAzs?list=PLmmhLFioSO5nvGC4W19yRCLwYz3yRBYKG" width="560"></iframe>

# Soustavy kvadratických rovnic

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/qB9zASbYbo4?list=PLmmhLFioSO5kXM9Fxu73h8VEBwiigDq4K" width="560"></iframe>

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# Funkce

# Funkce absolutní hodnota

### Grafy funkcí s absolutní hodnotou

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/zCdBXSyIUX4" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/sJ3J2rHyjdc" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/0bd5vhwRXbk" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kIELKhJyYtk" width="560"></iframe>

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/M8xn4UpnQRY" width="560"></iframe>

# Grafy funkcí s absolutní hodnotou

### Grafy funkcí s absolutní hodnotou

<iframe allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" height="314" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/zCdBXSyIUX4" width="560"></iframe>

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# Lineární funkce

### Lineární funkce

Vzpomínka na hodinu fyziky: Cyklista pohybující rychlostí `<samp class="cdx-math"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml">1m.s^−1</span></span></samp>` zjistil, že přijede pozdě domů, takže začal šlapat rychleji a pohyboval se zrychlením `<samp class="cdx-math katex-math">2m.s^{-2}</samp>`. Vyjádřete funkcí závislost rychlosti cyklisty na čase `<samp class="cdx-math"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml">t</span></span></samp>`.

Ve fyzice jsme používali vzorec `<samp class="cdx-math katex-math">v = v_0 + at</samp>`, tedy pro našeho cyklistu `<samp class="cdx-math"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml">v=1+2t</span></span></samp>`.

V matematice označíme nezávisle proměnnou, tedy čas `<samp class="cdx-math katex-math">t</samp>` písmenem `<samp class="cdx-math"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span></span></span></span></samp>` a závisle proměnnou, tedy rychlost `<samp class="cdx-math katex-math">v</samp>` písmenem `<samp class="cdx-math"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml">y</span></span></samp>`.

Naše funkce `<samp class="cdx-math katex-math">f</samp>` má rovnici `<samp class="cdx-math"><span class="katex"><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="mord mathdefault">y</span><span class="mrel">=</span></span><span class="base"><span class="mord">1</span><span class="mbin">+</span></span><span class="base"><span class="mord">2</span><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span></span></span></span></samp>` a definiční obor `<samp class="cdx-math katex-math">D(f) =\langle 0; \infty \rparen</samp>`. Jde o lineární funkci.

> Lineární funkce je každá funkce na množině reálných čísel, která je dána ve tvaru <samp class="cdx-math"><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml">y=ax+b</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="mord mathdefault">y</span><span class="mrel">=</span></span><span class="base"><span class="mord mathdefault">a</span><span class="mord mathdefault">x</span><span class="mbin">+</span></span><span class="base"><span class="mord mathdefault">b</span></span></span></span></samp>, kde <samp class="cdx-math katex-math">a, b \\in R</samp>. Grafem lineární funkce je přímka.
> 
> Definice lineární funkce

Ve fyzice obvykle pro sestrojení grafu funkce připravujeme tabulku. V matematice budeme využívat toho, že přímka je určena dvěma body. Těmito důležitými body jsou průsečíky s osami soustavy souřadnic.